Self-hardening alloy of steel.



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 5, 1907.

Application 516a December 14.1906. Serial No. 947,820.

To all whom, zit may concern: 1

Be it known that-I, JAMES CHUROHWARD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Self-Hardening Alloys of Iron and Steel, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to alloys of iron and steel, and particularly the latter where nickel is employed as one of the alloying metals; and the object of the invention is to produce a self-hardening metal, as will be hereinafter described, which will be suitable for many uses and purposes.

In carrying out the present invention there is mixed with pure refined iron or steel relatively small proportions of nickel, tungsten, chromium, manganese, and vanadium, and the alloy is melted and cast into the proper shapes.

A suitable proportion of the several metals for producing a self-hardening steel will be understood from the following formula, vin which the proportions are designated in percentages by Weight, namely: steel, (containing 0.6 per cent. carbon,) 94.60; nickel, 3.00; tungsten, 0.50; chromium, 1.50 manganese, 0.25; vanadium, 0.15; total, 100.00.

The carbon may be added to the iron or steel in many known ways, and it may vary from .20 to 1.0 per cent, according to the use to which the alloy is to be applied. The per centages of the alloying metals may also be varied to some extent for the same reason. For example, these metals may vary in proportion, by weight, as follows: steel, from 90.00 to 95.00 parts; nickel, from one -to 3.50 parts; tungsten, from 0.15 to 0.50 parts;

gchromium, from 0.50 to 2.00 parts; manganese, from 0.15 to 0.70 parts; vanadium, from 0.05 to 0.25 parts.

It is'believed that the alloying elements named react on each other to produce chemical and molecular changes of such a nature that the tungsten, chromium, and manganese are permitted to haden the steel, while the vanadium removes or prevents brittleness and imparts toughness without softening the alloy. Ferro compounds of the several alloying metals may be used in lieu of the pure metals. I Having thus described my invention, I

claim 1. An alloy containing the following i metals in about the proportions given, namely: steel, Which contains from 0.2 to 0.6 per cent. of carbon, from ninety to ninety five parts; nickel, from one to .3.5 parts; chromium, from 0.5 to from 0.15 to 0.7 0.50 parts, and

two parts; manganese, parts tungsten, from 0.15 to vanadium, from 0.05 to 0.25

part-s. k

2. An alloy containing the following metals 111 about the proportions given,

namely: steel, having in it 0.6 per cent. of carbon, 94.6 parts; nickel, three parts; chromium, 1.5 parts; manganese, 0.25 parts; tungsten, .05 parts, and vanadium, 0.15 l parts. I In witness whereof I my name, this 13th in the presence of two'subscribing witnesses.

I JAMES OHURCHWARD.

Witnesses:

H. G. HOSE, WILLIAM J. FIRTH.

have hereunto signed day of December, 1906, 

